Car T-Cell Therapy Failure
What is Car T-Cell Therapy
The T-cells are white blood cells that the immune system releases that help assist in destroying foreign cells. Car T-cells have receptors that assist to latch onto the protein on the surface layer of cancer cells. Moreover, the patient’s T-cells do not possess the specific receptors required for the successful identification and fight of the cancer cells.
The Procedure
CAR T-cell procedure can now help to release the needed receptors via the CAR-T-cells procedures. The first mode comprises T-cells removal via apheresis a process that is visually similar to blood transfusion. The rest of the blood is returned to the person’s main bloodstream. Besides,
the other process is where the T-cells is modified into CART-cells that are better equipped to fight the patient cancer. The lab engineers the T-cell through inserting of genetic information that controls the T-cell to make receptors for specific form of cancer cells in the patient.
Car T-Cell Therapy Failure
So, wondering what happens if the first T-cell fails? the doctors recommend a second CAR T-cell infusion. Based on the publication of the American Society of Hematology, published research in January 2021 that published research in January 2021 that examined the efficiency of a second round of CAR-T cell therapy.
The findings revealed that second infusion of CD19 CAR T-cells was feasible and caused a more sustained response for the patients.
The other outcome of CAR T-cell therapy failure is the use of bispecific antibodies which is a form of immunotherapy. The antibodies have two receptors on them which normally are designed to attach to a T-cell and the other to a cancer cell. Therefore, the bispecific antibody helps join two cells together. The binary formation helps to make it easier for T-cells to spot and attack the cancer cells.
NB:
The bispecific antibodies are not yet FDA-approved in second-line treatment. The treatment is however, considered to help the CAR T-cell therapy. Thus, the procedure can help patients who might be eligible for CAR T-cell because of the comorbidities concerns.
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WRITTEN BY: AMEDICC.COM